Proper Installation of Wood Burning Appliances

By Jordan Frost


Many wood stoves are installed in a limited space, leading to a lack of proper clearance, which is probably one the greatest dangers when using wood heating. Living space is expensive; homeowner's naturally want to make the best possible use of it. The only remedy to a shortage of space is shielding. The the Canadian standards Association published the first edition of standard B365, installation code for solid fuel burning appliances and equipment, in 1980. Over the years and have been several editions of the standard. Most provinces have adopted B365 into regulatory legislation through references in provincial fire and building codes. The standard has also been referenced in the national building code. Standard B365 is the most important solid fuel standard for technicians and inspectors.

An appliance that has been tested and certified is complying with the safety standard carries a label specifying minimum clearances combustible material. These clearances are found by firing appliance at peak output and measuring the temperature on the test enclosure walls floor and ceiling. A certified appliance, accessory, component, and equipment shall be installed in accordance with the manufacturer's installation instructions. When a difference exists between the manufacturer's installation instructions and the requirements of the standard, the installation instructions shall govern.

Some fireplaces have large firebox openings relative to their flu area. To prevent smoke rollout when the doors are open, the volume flow of air and flue gases up the chimney must exceed a certain minimum. Certification testing it establishes minimum chimney heights that are expected to produce enough draft to prevent smoke rollout. A minimum height for street chimneys is stated in the installation manual for each fireplace. Most manuals also provide minimum chimney height figures for single and double offset insulation because offsets cause more restrictions to flow and therefore less draft than street chimneys. Minimum chimney heights range from a low of about 3 m four straight installations to as much as 9 m for double offset installations.

The form in which creosote is deposited depends on two factors: the degree to which the tar droplets decompose before leaving the combustion chamber, and the temperature of the surface on which they condense. Creosote deposits can be found in three forms: a relatively soft powered or granular deposit, brittle puffy chunks, or glaze coating like thick black paint or tar. Soft, dry, granular, or powdery creosote usually indicates relatively complete combustion. The material ranges from black to brown color and is commonly referred to assert. This type is the least flammable because it has broken down further during the combustion, releasing most of his combustible components. It is also the easiest to remove. If present in sufficient quantities, this material may support a chimney fire.

While conventional masonry fireplaces are designed mainly for aesthetics and used for fire viewing, masonry heaters are designed to produce efficient, low emission heating. This is accomplished by burning the wood quickly in a hot, turbulent fire. The heat from the exhaust gases is transferred to the mass of the masonry structure. The then radiate slowly into the room for the following several hours.

Consult a Certified Wett Technician prior to installing your wood stove or wood burning fireplace. Visit or call a Wett Certified Inspector prior to starting your project and get Free Advice which can save you time and money. Most insurance companies now require a WETT inspection before issuing policy.




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